| Study 3 | ||||||
| Baseline | Endpoint | |||||
| N | 551 | |||||
| M/F | 345/206 | |||||
| Age (years) | 63.4 | ± | 10.3 | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.4 | ± | 4.1 | 24.3 | ± | 4.2* |
| FPG (mg/dl) | 148 | ± | 36.4 | 140 | ± | 40.6* |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.3 | ± | 0.8 | 7.1 | ± | 0.9* |
| HOMA-IR | 2.9 | ± | 2.9 | 3.0 | ± | 3.9 |
| HOMA-β (%) | 37.7 | ± | 37.1 | 37.0 | ± | 81.8* |
| Proinsulin/Insulin ratio | 0.56 | ± | 0.34 | 0.54 | ± | 0.29 |
| 1,5-AG (μg/ml) | 9.9 | ± | 7.1 | 11.0 | ± | 7.0* |
| Adiponectin (μg/ml) | 5.0 | ± | 4.7 | 3.9 | ± | 3.4* |